Central to this contribution is Article 4(1)(a) of the Marrakesh Treaty. which the Constitutional Court used to limit the exclusive right of adaptation of copyright owners in the case of Blind SA v The Minister of Trade. Industry and Competition. This contribution finds that while states can add other limitations in their national laws beyond Article 4(1)(a). https://emporiumsmokeshopstles.shop/product-category/home-and-gifts/