Bonding defects in the architectural decorative surface layer can cause the finish layer to detach. posing a significant threat to urban public safety. To minimize the risk of finish layer detachment and ensure its safety. this study presents a novel non-destructive testing technique that detects bonding defects in the decorative surface layer by analyzing variations in vibration acce... https://www.countryscenesaddleryandpetsuppliers.shop/product-category/western-irons/